Examinando por Materia "ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION"
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoAsertividad, resistencia a la presión de grupo y consumo de alcohol en universitarios(Universidad Católica de Colombia. Facultad de Psicología, 2008-06) Londoño-Pérez, Constanza; Valencia-Lara, CarolinaEl objetivo del presente estudio es describir la asociación entre asertividad, resistencia de la presión del grupo y el nivel de consumo de alcohol en un grupo de universitarios entre los 16 y 33 años de ambos sexos, de dos instituciones educativas. Se usaron la Escala de Asertividad de Rathus, el Cuestionario de Resistencia a la Presión de Grupo y el Test Audit para el Consumo de Alcohol. Adicionalmente, se incluyeron datos específicos de consumo. En los resultados se observó una asociación significativa entre variables como nivel de consumo, asertividad y resistencia a la presión del grupo, entre otras. Se discutieron los hallazgos sobre el consumo tomando como base las condiciones sociales y de desarrollo de los jóvenes universitarios.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoConsumo de alcohol en universitarios: relación funcional con los factores sociodemográficos, las expectativas y la ansiedad social(Universidad Católica de Colombia. Facultad de Psicología, 2005-06) Camacho-Acero, IvánThe objective of this investigation was to evaluate the functional relationship between socio-demographic factors, social anxiety and positive attitudes towards alcohol, with the consumption of alcoholic beverages among engineering students in two private universities in Bogotá. A non-analytical, observational, descriptive, co relational study was used. The sample consisted of 618 students selected at randomly using a sampling system stratified by the type of engineering studied. They filled in an Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ), the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI), and surveys of socio-demographic data and details of their alcohol consumption. After a linear transformation by percentage points of the AEQ and the Chi2 tests, the correlation coefficient of the Spearman and Kruskal Wallis correlatives, as well as an estimate of the parameters with confidence intervals of 95%, it was found that engineering students, mainly male (82.7%; p<0.01), with an average age of 20.5 (± 2.57), and a consumption frequency between moderate (37.1%) and high (36.4%), with more than a third reporting an abusive level of alcohol consumption (more than 12 drinks on one single occasion), presented a low level of social anxiety (55.8±32.9 of a possible 192) and a medium level of positive expectations towards alcohol (43.5±22.2). While the most deeprooted expectations towards alcohol consumption were the facilitation of interaction, good verbal expression, the loss of inhibitions and psycho-physiological changes, the more minor ones were the expectation that alcohol increases sexuality, aggression and feelings of power. No link was found between consumption and the age group, the university, the type of engineering or the semester in which the student was in. It was concluded that among engineering students, the frequency and the amount of alcohol consumed significantly differs between men and women (higher frequency and consumed amount in men) and changes in relation to the level of positive expectations of alcohol and the level of social anxiety (this when related to consumed amount and not frequency of consumption).
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoConsumo de alcohol, conducta antisocial e impulsividad en adolescentes españoles(Universidad Católica de Colombia. Facultad de Psicología, 2018-07) Díaz-García, Natalia; Moral-Jiménez, María de la VillaThe relationship between alcohol use and antisocial behaviour in teenagers has been widely reported in previous research. Our main aim was to evaluate this relationship, and also to study how impulsivity influences it. The instruments used were the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI), to evaluate alcohol consumption; the Scale of Antisocial and Criminal Behaviour in Teenagers, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, to assess these behaviors in the youth. The sampling method was non probabilistic and intentional, and the sample consisted of 212 teenagers aged between 12 and 18 years (Average=14.1, SD=1.48). The results showed that the variables which better predict anti-social behaviour in teenagers are alcohol consumption and cognitive impulsiveness. On the other hand, it was found that there are significant differences in antisocial behavior according to gender, but not in terms of alcohol consumption. Regarding age level, significant differences were found in alcohol consumption between all age levels, and in antisocial behavior are concentrated between early and medium adolescence, and between early and late adolescence. The possible implications of the link between alcohol consumption and crime by virtue of the results obtained are discussed.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoCreencias sobre el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes colombianos y chilenos(Universidad Católica de Colombia. Facultad de Psicología, 2019-12) Londoño-Pérez, Constanza; Carrasco-Aravena, Sergio FabiánO desenvolvimento de programas de prevenção do consumo de álcool cujo impacto sobrepasse fronteiras culturais representa um desafio importante devido ao fato de que é preciso reconhecer as diferenças culturais determinantes do consumo. O presente estudo comparativo transcultural teve como objetivo conhecer as diferenças nas crenças relacionadas com o consumo de álcool em uma amostra estratificada não aleatorizada de 1602 adolescentes e jovens (870 chilenos e 732 colombianos), homens e mulheres escolarizados com idades entre 14 e 25 anos. Para isso, fez-se uso do Cuestionario de Creencias Referidas al Consumo de Alcohol e o teste AUDIT de consumo. Para comparar as médias entre países, utilizou-se o estatístico ANOVA. Os resultados indicaram que os colombianos têm mais altos gatilhos de consumo, maior percepção de risco e vulnerabilidade, e percepção mais alta de benefícios percebidos com o consumo. Por sua vez, os chilenos apresentaram crenças significativamente maiores com respeito às barreiras de consumo, com menores médias em todos os fatores. Em ambas as populações, as médias reportadas indicaram um risco moderado e alto para o consumo de álcool.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoFactores cognoscitivos de los padres, asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos(Universidad Católica de Colombia. Facultad de Psicología, 2005-06) Hewitt-Ramírez, NoheliaLa presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores cognoscitivos: atribuciones, creencias y expectativas de los padres asociados con la co-ocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a sus hijos. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva correlacional. Mediante un muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 263 padres/madres biológicos con una edad promedio de 33.9 años; de estratos socioeconómicos uno, dos y tres,con un nivel educativo mínimo de primaria y con hijos e hijas de 7-12 años los que se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos así: grupo 1: abusadores físicos; grupo 2: consumidores de alcohol; grupo 3: abusadores físicos y consumidores de alcohol; grupo 4: no abusadores físicos y no consumidores de alcohol. Se diseñaron, validaron y aplicaron dos instrumentos: uno para evaluar los factores cognoscitivos de los padres y otro para evaluar la coocurrencia del consumo de alcohol y el maltrato físico a los hijos. Se hizo un análisis multivariado de regresión múltiple y un ANOVA con comparaciones post-hoc. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los puntajes presentados entre los grupos de padres en el instrumento de evaluación de los factores cognoscitivos. Se logró establecer que los factores cognoscitivos de los padres, atribuciones y expectativas son una variable determinante en la co-ocurrencia del maltrato físico a los hijos y el consumo de alcohol. Adicionalmente, se encontró que dicha co-ocurrencia es directa, indirecta y circular.